Category Information

One Perspective on Information Systems

A semester has ended and I have been loaded with essays and articles on the basics of information systems.
What is information systems? One major purpose for the massive amount of reading materials was to train us to read for themes (as opposed to semantics). A thematic reading demands an understanding of form and also content/subject matter.

I hope to go back on all the readings for the purpose of differentiating as well as comparing the various ways in which a specific topic/subject matter can be explored. For example, I’d like to go back and see how the different authors understand “information,” “technology,” or “systems.”

One of the viewpoints that I find very interesting is Horst Rittel’s view of information systems. He has a lot to say about planning systems and planning information systems. I believe it’s one form of what others call the “social technical” (social technology) and his is a system that is filled with politics. In the vein of C.W. Churchman, it is a human information system that is composed of people and the fundamental elements are the values and worldviews of human beings.

I just read an article by a Libby Liu from the Huffington Post: “What are they hearing in North Korea These Days?” What kinds of information are the citizens getting and NOT getting? It’s interesting to think of the various types of information embied in various forms. There are communication channels that are controlled such as the internet and telephones. People are finding ways to work around the system by picking up telephone signals from China  as well as radio stations from South Korea to learn about what’s going on in their own country. There are also artifacts such as “Radios, issued by the state, have their dials fixed only to the regime’s broadcasts.” Even in this very common device, there is a summary of society’s politics, control, and oppression. It’s quite different from only having a few stations to listen to (in various rural areas I presume) because of the limitations in transmission service not the functionality of the device itself. There are also the interactions within the society for propogating information. Liu writes, “Through our contacts inside North Korea, we know listeners sometimes gather and listen together, and then spread information by word of mouth among friends and family.” This is a very powerful form of communication. As these intimate interactions are put together, they form an organized group of people who are building towards some kind of critical mass (article states 1 out of 24 million shortwave listeners). A North Korean defector says, “Relationships forged listening to broadcasts together are almost equal to [a] secret society that is simply not organized yet.” This is one form of an information system. Perhaps a self-sustaining, self-perpetuating, and learning from itself … or should I say, themselves.

Hypertrophy of Information and the Individual

The hypertrophy of information likewise trends to interfere with our enjoyment in the repetition of a work. For the presence of information as a factor in literature has enabled writers to rely greatly upon ignorance as a factor in appeal. Thus, they will relieve a reader’s ignorance about a certain mountain in Tibet, but when they have done so they will have less to ‘tell’ him [or her] at a second reading. Surprise and suspense are the major devices for the utilization of ignorance (the psychology of information), for when they are depended upon, the reader’s interest in the work is based primarily upon his [or her] ignorance of its outcome.
Kenneth Burke, Counter-Statement (1931; Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968), 145.

As Richard Saul Wurman poignantly points out in Information Anxiety, “A weekday edition of The New York Times contains more information than the average person was likely to come across in a lifetime in 17th century England.” It has become a part of contemporary life (at least for me) to struggle between getting information and being in-the-know and shunning information altogether. Soren Gordhamer, an expert on the over-stressed and over-connected, and author of the forthcoming Wisdom 2.0: Ancient Secrets for the Creative and Constantly Connected, points out a reality with which many of us can identify,

We reply to someone we don’t know on Facebook, and we won’t even look at the cashier at the grocery because we’re too busy typing text messages on our phones … Thich Nhat Hanh, the Vietnamese Zen poet, says the most valuable gift you can give someone is your attention. The danger with this new technology is you can become less available to your children, friends and partners in your real-life world.

Where has subtlety gone? While everyone is rushing to package information in better forms geared towards various audiences, where is “ignorance as a factor in appeal”? Instead of pushing the “right” information to the “right” audience at the “right” moment, there may be great[er] value in suspension of information. One of the great pleasures of reading a well written book or even getting to know someone is learning to wonder about and play with the subtleties in content and form. For example, aside from some utilitarian apps on an iPhone, why are most apps never used the second time around? Perhaps we need more exploration on holding back information – suspension and subtlety, not necessarily predictable and obvious. Instead of primarily seeking the useful and usable, a little emphasis on mental/emotional gymnastics couldn’t hurt.

21st Century, 20 Million People, 19 Cities

I found out today that Richard Saul Wurman (creator of L.A.T.C.H., founder of the TED conferences, and renown information architect) is my alumni. He graduated from UPenn back in the late 50′s with a bachelor’s in architecture and a masters in architecture. Though we also share the same undergrad alma mater, I was more interested in his time at PennDesign since I was part of the MArch program before leaving it for CMU’s Interaction Design program. I thought Louis Kahn and Bob Venturi were the last of the “great ones” from Penn’s program and thought the school had lost its touch with a changing world. I don’t know what’s happening there now but Wurman is a pleasant surprise (despite the fact that he graduated in ’59).

I think of his work relevant in the context of a changing world for two reasons. At the personal level, his contribution to the discipline of Design is relevant today. At CMU, his work was one of the first that I was exposed to and helped me understand information in a different light. Secondly, one of his other projects is very interesting:

Supercities Study - http://192021.org

Supercities Study - http://192021.org

19.20.21 stands for “19” cities, “20” million people, in the “21st” century is a ”five-year study that will encompass all aspects of the phenomenon of supercities”. The study will cover comparative and statistical analysis of the world’s 19 major cities based on the following subjects: health, education, transportation, demographics, energy consumption, growth patterns, water sources, use and quality, waste management, economics and the cost of living, infrastructure, quality of life and standard of living indices, crime dynamics, calamity risk, culture and art.

Pretty interesting.